Waba uteganya kumanuka mu ishyamba ry’ibyondo, cyangwa kugerageza mu isiganwa ryo mu muhanda, cyangwa gutembera mu nzira yo gukurura umuyoboro w’amazi yo mu gace utuyemo, ushobora kubona igare rikubereye.
Icyorezo cya coronavirus cyatumye uburyo abantu benshi mu gihugu bakunda kugira ubuzima bwiza buhinduka ikintu kidashoboka. Kubera iyo mpamvu, abantu benshi ubu barimo gukora siporo buri munsi.
Imibare ya leta kuva mu mpeshyi ya 2020 igaragaza ko igipimo cy’ubwinjiriro bw’amagare cyiyongereyeho 300%, kandi uyu mubare ntugabanuka uko twinjira mu myaka ya 1920 twitonze.
Ariko, ku bantu bashya babarirwa mu bihumbi, isi yo gutwara igare ishobora kuba ahantu hateye urujijo. Igikorwa gisa n'aho cyoroshye cyo guhitamo igare rishya gishobora guhita kiba ikibazo gikomeye, bitewe ahanini n'ubwinshi bw'ibyiciro bito. Si amagare yose ari amwe.
Niyo mpamvu intambwe ya mbere mu kugura ibicuruzwa igomba kuba iyo gusobanukirwa ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibicuruzwa bitangwa no kumenya ibicuruzwa bihuye neza n'ibyo ukeneye.
Aha uzasangamo amakuru y'ingenzi yerekeye ubwoko bw'amagare busanzwe n'abanyamagare bakwiriye.
Waba uteganya kwiroha mu ishyamba ryuzuyemo ibyondo, kubigerageza mu isiganwa ryo mu muhanda, cyangwa gutembera mu nzira y'umuyoboro w'amazi yo mu gace utuyemo, uzahasanga imashini yujuje ibi bikurikira.
Ushobora kwizera isuzuma ryacu ryigenga. Dushobora kubona komisiyo ziturutse ku bacuruzi bamwe na bamwe, ariko ntituzigera twemera ko ibi bigira ingaruka ku mahitamo, ashingiye ku bizamini nyabyo n'inama z'abahanga. Aya mafaranga adufasha gutera inkunga itangazamakuru rya The Independent.
Iyo uguze igare rishya, ikintu kimwe kiruta ibindi byose: kurikwirwa. Niba ingano yaryo itakubereye, rizaba rikubangamiye kandi ntuzashobora kugira imiterere myiza yo kurigenderaho.
Abakora imodoka benshi baba bafite imbonerahamwe ahantu runaka ku rubuga rwabo igaragaza ko ingano y'ishusho y'imodoka zitandukanye ijyanye n'uburebure bw'umugenzi. Ingano akenshi ni imibare - 48, 50, 52, 54 n'ibindi - akenshi igaragaza uburebure bw'imodoka yo kwicaraho cyangwa (idasanzwe), cyangwa imiterere isanzwe ya S, M cyangwa L. Imbonerahamwe izaguha amahitamo ashingiye ku burebure bwawe.
Ariko ni ngombwa kumenya ko iki ari igitekerezo kidasobanutse neza. Ibintu nko kuba uburebure buke n'uburebure bw'ukuboko byose birakenewe. Inkuru nziza ni uko inyinshi muri izi mpinduka zishobora gukemurwa byoroshye no guhindura bike kuri moto, nko guhindura uburebure bw'intebe cyangwa gukoresha inkoni itandukanye (agace k'imashini gahuza umugozi n'umuyoboro w'igare). Kugira ngo ugire amahoro yuzuye mu mutima, nyamuneka hitamo igare ry'umwuga rikubereye mu iduka ry'amagare ryo mu gace utuyemo.
Uretse kuba igare rikwiriye, hari ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba kuzirikana mu gihe uhitamo igare rishya. Ibi ni byo bigena imikorere, kandi biratandukanye cyane bitewe n'uburyo igare runaka rikoreshwa.
Keretse niba uri umukinnyi wo kuzenguruka isiganwa, umukinnyi wa Hipster cyangwa se urimo gukura amenyo nkana, uzakenera gushyiraho feri ku igare ryawe.
Akenshi hari ubwoko bubiri butandukanye bwa feri: umugozi na disiki. Feri y'umugozi ikoreshwa n'insinga y'icyuma kandi ikora ikoresheje gukanda umugozi hagati y'udupira tubiri twa rubber. Feri z'umugozi zishobora kuba hydraulic cyangwa mechanical (zikora neza cyane mu buryo bwa hydraulic), kandi zishobora gukora ikoresheje gukanda disiki y'icyuma ifatanye n'umugozi uri hagati y'udupira tubiri.
Uburyo bwiza bwo gushyiraho feri buterwa ahanini n'uburyo uteganya gukoresha igare. Urugero, feri gakondo zo ku nkengero z'umuhanda zabaye amahitamo ya mbere ku magare yo mu muhanda bitewe n'uburemere bwazo bworoshye (nubwo feri zo ku nkengero z'imodoka zigenda zikundwa cyane), mu gihe feri zo ku nkengero z'imodoka ari amahitamo meza ku magare yo mu misozi kuko atanga umusaruro wizewe mu byondo cyangwa mu mapfundo. .
Groupset ni ijambo rikoreshwa mu gusobanura ibice byose bigenda bifitanye isano no gufunga, gusimbuza no kohereza umugozi. Ni moteri y'igare kandi igira uruhare runini mu kugena imikorere n'ubwiza bw'imodoka.
Ni inyo nyinshi, ariko ikigaragara ni uko: hari inganda eshatu zikomeye - Shimano, SRAM na Campagnolo (zidakunze kubaho), ni byiza kuzikurikiza; zishobora kuba imashini cyangwa ikoranabuhanga; ibiciro biri hejuru bingana no kongera urumuri no guhinduranya ibintu neza; byose muri rusange bikora akazi kamwe.
Ibi birimo ibice byose bikomeye birenza urugero rw'igare n'iforogo y'imbere (iforogo). Turimo kuvuga ku migozi, amatafari, inkingi z'intebe n'inkingi. Utu duce two gucukura biroroshye gusimbuza cyangwa guhindura kugira ngo bigere ku murongo mwiza cyangwa byongere ihumure, bityo ntureke ibintu nk'amatafari adakora neza bigwa ahandi.
Ibikubiye mu modoka bigira uruhare runini mu kumva igare n'imikorere yaryo mu bihe bimwe na bimwe. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, icyo ugomba kureba mu mapine biterwa n'uko ikoreshwa. Niba utwaye imodoka mu muhanda wa kaburimbo, amapine abiri ya fibre de carbone deep carbon afite amapine ya mm 25 ni meza, ariko ntabwo ari menshi cyane mu nzira z'amagare yo mu misozi.
Muri rusange, bimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi ugomba kwitaho ku ruziga ni uburemere (rworoshye kandi rwiza), ibikoresho (fibre ya karuboni ni yo ikomeye, ariko igiciro kiri hejuru, hitamo alloy kugira ngo uzigame amafaranga) n'ingano (ingano y'uruziga hamwe n'aho ipine riherereye ku rubaho rw'ipine Ikoreshwa ni ingenzi) Niba ushaka gukoresha amapine abyibushye kurushaho).
Mu mujyi munini nka Londres, ahantu ni heza cyane ku buryo abantu bose batabasha kubika igare rinini. Shaka ikintu gito gihagije cyo kurizingira mu kabati. Amagare azunguruka ni inshuti nziza yo kujya mu mujyi. Ni mato kandi ni ingirakamaro, kandi ushobora kuyashyira mu modoka rusange utabaye umwanzi wa mbere wa rubanda.
Brompton isanzwe ni nziza cyane ku ngendo ndende, ugomba kuyishyira mu isanduku ya bisi, gari ya moshi cyangwa gari ya moshi.
Mu isuzuma ryacu ry’amagare meza ashobora gupfunyika, vugana n’umuntu wese utwara igare ku magare ashobora gupfunyika, izina rya Brompton rizagaragara vuba. Yubatswe i Londres kuva mu 1975, kandi imiterere yayo ntabwo yahindutse cyane. Uwayigerageje yagize ati: “Inkingi ndende y’intebe n’agace k’inyuma gafite icyuma gikingira urubura bituma urugendo rworoha, mu gihe amapine ya santimetero 16 atuma umuntu yihuta cyane. Ingano nto y’amapine nayo bivuze ko akomeye mu mihanda mibi kandi idahuje. Ni ingenzi cyane.”
“Iyi verisiyo y’umukara igezweho ifite imigozi igororotse ifite ishusho ya S, transmission y’umuvuduko ibiri, fender n’amatara ya Cateye ashobora kongera gusharijwa—bituma iba nziza cyane mu rugendo rwo kujya mu ndege. Iyo ubyitoje, ugomba kuba ushobora kuzingira vuba mu masegonda 20.”
Ku bakeneye umuvuduko, imodoka zo gusiganwa zishobora kuba amahitamo meza. Zifite imigozi imanuka, amapine yoroheje n'imiterere ikomeye yo kugenda (igice cyo hejuru cy'umubiri kigenda kigera ku gice cyo hasi), kandi ahanini zagenewe umuvuduko, ubworoherane n'ubworoshye.
Ese wigeze ureba Tour de France? Ubwo rero uba usanzwe uzi ubwoko bw'igare. Ikibazo cyonyine ni uko uburyo bwo kugendera mu kirere butuma umuntu adakora neza igihe kirekire, cyane cyane ku bantu badafite ubushobozi bwo koroherwa cyangwa batamenyereye ubwo buryo.
Ubusanzwe, imikorere y'imodoka irushaho kuba myiza hakoreshejwe inkweto zo gusiganwa ku magare (ubwoko bwa pedal ifite igikoresho cyo kuzihambira) zishyizwemo udupira. Zifata ibirenge mu mwanya wabyo kugira ngo bibone imbaraga mu gihe cyose cy'izunguruka ry'imodoka.
Amagare yo mu muhanda yo kwitwara neza yagenewe kugendera kure ku ntebe iri kuri kaburimbo, bitewe n'umuvuduko n'uburyohe. Afite imigozi yo kumanuka, amapine yoroheje (ubusanzwe ari hagati ya mm 25 na mm 28), kandi ntahagaze neza cyane kandi nta kirere nk'amagare yo mu bwoko bwa purebred siporo. Kubwibyo, arushaho koroherwa iyo agiye mu ntera ndende. Muri iki gihe, kugabanya ububabare n'ububabare bifitanye isano n'aho umuntu ari ni ingenzi cyane kuruta kugabanya gato ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'ingorane.
Ibyiza kuri: Umuntu wese ushaka kwihuta ariko akumva amerewe neza, byaba ari mu birometero 160 cyangwa se imyitozo ngororamubiri ya buri munsi
Amagare yo mu cyiciro cya "Time trial" (TT) yagenewe gukora ikintu kimwe gusa: gutwara vuba bishoboka no kugabanya amahinduka. Niba warigeze kubona umuntu ugendera ku igare agendera kuri Lycra, ariko agendera ku kintu gisa cyane na Battlestar Galactica kuruta igare, icyo gihe ashobora kuba ari kimwe muri byo. Nk'uko izina ribigaragaza, yagenewe kugerageza igihe cyo gusiganwa ku igare, ari naryo rushanwa hagati y'umuntu ugendera ku igare n'isaha.
Aerodynamics ni ingenzi mu gushushanya igare rya TT. Bagomba gukata ikirere neza uko bishoboka kose, kandi bashyira umugenzi mu mwanya ukomeye cyane kugira ngo bagere kuri iyi ntego. Akamaro kabyo ni uko bakomeye cyane. Ikibi ni uko batagira impumuro nziza kandi badakora neza cyane mu gukoresha igare mu buryo busanzwe, butari mu irushanwa.
Niba intego yawe nyamukuru ari ukujya no kumanuka mu iduka, cyangwa kugenda mu buryo bworoshye mu mpera z'icyumweru, gusiganwa ku magare ya karuboni cyangwa amagare yo mu misozi ashobora kuba ikibazo gito. Icyo ukeneye ni imodoka y'ubwoko bwa hybrid. Izi modoka zoroheje zikoresha uburyo bwose bwo gutwara amagare zikuramo ubwoko butandukanye bw'amagare kandi zikayakoresha mu gukora ibintu bihagije ku buryo abanyamagare ba buri munsi bakora kandi bagahumurizwa.
Imodoka zivanze zikunze kugira imigozi igororotse, ibikoresho byo mu muhanda, n'amapine y'ubugari buringaniye, kandi zishobora gukoreshwa ku ma-aproni ndetse no ku magare yoroheje yo mu muhanda. Ni zimwe mu magare ahendutse kandi yoroshye gukoresha, akwiriye abatangira cyangwa abantu bafite ingengo y'imari iciriritse.
Mu batsinze isuzuma ryacu ry’imodoka nziza cyane ya hybrid, iyi ifite imikorere myiza cyane. “Kugira ngo byorohe, Boardman yahisemo verisiyo y’umuvuduko 12 maze ashyiraho agace kamwe ku ruziga rw’imbere, kandi atanga amenyo 51 meza ku ruziga rw’imodoka. Uku guhuza bizagufasha gukemura hafi ibyo dushobora guhura na byo mu muhanda. Ibibazo ibyo ari byo byose.” Abapimye bacu bagaragaje.
Basanze inkingi ya valve n'imigozi byayo byoroshye kandi bifite ireme, mu gihe icyuma cya alloy na fibre ya karuboni bivuze ko uburemere bwayo ari hafi ibiro 10 - uzabyishimira niba uhinduye igare ryo mu misozi cyangwa irya hybrid rihendutse. "Amapine ya 700c afite amapine meza ya Schwalbe Marathon ya 35mm, agomba gufata neza iyo ukoresheje feri ikomeye ya Shimano hydraulic disc. Ushobora gushyiraho ibirahure by'imizigo n'udukingirizo tw'imizigo, bigatuma biba byiza ku rugendo rwa buri munsi."
Mu myaka mike ishize, nta muntu n'umwe wari warigeze yumva amagare y'amabuye. Ubu ari hose. Ayo magare y'inkoni rimwe na rimwe yitwa "amagare y'imihanda yose", kandi akoresha imiterere rusange y'amagare yo mu muhanda kandi akayahuza n'ibikoresho n'ingano y'amapine, bisa cyane n'amagare yo mu misozi. Ingaruka ni uko imashini ishobora kugendera kuri kaburimbo vuba cyane, ariko bitandukanye n'amagare yo mu muhanda, akora neza iyo umuhanda urangiye.
Niba wifuza kuva mu nzira isanzwe kandi kure y'imodoka nyinshi, ariko ukaba udashaka gukuraho burundu umuhanda, amagare y'amabuye ni yo mahitamo meza kuri wewe.
Kugenda mu nzira igana ku gasozi gahagaze si ibya buri wese. Ku bantu bagishaka kwambuka igihugu ariko badakabije, gusiganwa ku magare mu misozi miremire (XC) ni amahitamo meza. Amagare ya XC akenshi ni amagare akomeye kandi asa cyane n'amagare yo mu misozi anyura mu muhanda mu buryo bwinshi. Itandukaniro rikomeye ni imiterere y'ikirere.
Amagare yo mu misozi miremire yagenewe kwita ku misozi miremire, ariko amagare ya XC yagenewe gukoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye kandi agomba kuba ashobora kuzamuka. Kubera iyo mpamvu, inguni z'umutwe wazo ziba ziremereye cyane (bivuze ko amapine y'imbere aba ari inyuma cyane), ibyo bigatuma adakwiye cyane kuzamuka cyane, ariko akaba akwiriye cyane imikino yo mu misozi miremire.
Niba inzozi zawe zuzuyemo gusimbuka, guhagarara no kuzamuka imizi, uzakenera amagare yo mu misozi yo mu muhanda. Mu by'ukuri izi mashini zirinda amasasu zifite imigozi irambuye, amapine afite imigozi minini n'inguni z'umutwe zirekuye (bivuze ko amapine y'imbere ari imbere y'imigozi) kugira ngo zikomeze gutuza mu misozi ihanamye. Igare ryo mu misozi ryo mu muhanda rifite kandi uburyo bwo kurihagarika bushobora gutwara ubutaka bubi kandi butaringaniye ku muvuduko mwinshi.
Hari ahantu habiri ho gusuzuma: guhagarara burundu (forogo n'icyuma gifata shoka mu gitereko) cyangwa umurizo ukomeye (forogo gusa, umurizo ukomeye). Iya mbere ishobora gutuma urugendo rukomera, ariko bamwe mu bakinnyi bakunda imirizo ikomeye kubera uburemere bwayo bworoshye n'inyuma ikomeye itanga ibitekerezo bifatika.
Uyu mukinnyi w’Ubwongereza uracyari mushya mu gutwara amagare yo mu muhanda, kandi byari bitangaje cyane ubwo yatsindiraga icyegeranyo cyacu cyiza cyane cy’amagare yo mu muhanda. Uwaduhaye isuzuma yagize ati: “Ifite imiterere myiza y’umuhanda, kandi iyo utwaye ku ntebe, iyi mitekerereze ihinduka ibyiyumvo biringaniye cyane - nubwo utwara imodoka umanuka umusozi ku muvuduko wihuta cyane, uba ufite ububasha busesuye kuri byose. , Biguha umwanya uhagije wo guhitamo inzira ikwiye no kwirinda imbogamizi.” Bumva ko bashobora gutwara neza iyo bashaka kwihutisha no kugenzura ibintu mu mpande.
Ibimanuka bigomba kuzamuka. Mu yandi magambo, keretse ufite gondola mu nzira yo mu gace utuyemo, buri gihe umanuka neza cyane bizaba mbere y'urugamba rugoye rwo kuzamuka umuhanda w'umuriro. Bishobora kongera umutwaro ku maguru, ariko aha niho amagare y'amashanyarazi yo mu misozi agaragara.
Moteri nto y'amashanyarazi yiyongereye yoroshya intambwe kandi ikagabanya ububabare mu gice cyo kuzamuka. Abantu benshi baba bafite remote control ahantu runaka ku mugozi kugira ngo umugenzi abashe guhindura ingano y'imbaraga cyangwa kuzimya moteri y'amashanyarazi burundu. Ariko, ibi byose byoroshye byagabanyije ibiro cyane, bityo niba ushaka gushyira ikintu cyoroshye gushyira inyuma y'imodoka mu modoka, ushobora gukenera kongera gutekereza.
Imodoka ikoresha amashanyarazi ifite ibyiza byose by’imodoka isanzwe ikoresha amashanyarazi, ariko hari n’ibindi byiza: ifite moteri y’amashanyarazi na batiri ishobora gusharijwa. Ibi bitanga akamaro ko gusunika buri gihe iyo pedali ikoze, ushobora kongeramo pedali hejuru cyangwa hasi uko bikenewe, cyangwa ndetse ugafunga pedali burundu. Iyi ni amahitamo meza ku bakora siporo, cyangwa bashobora kumva batishimiye abantu bishingikiriza gusa ku maguru yabo kugira ngo bagende intera ndende.
Urutonde rw'ibicuruzwa bya Volt rurimo kugenda rurushaho gushimisha, kandi imiterere yabyo ikomeye n'ubwiza buhebuje mu gukora bituma biba ibintu byiza cyane mu bicuruzwa byacu by'amagare akoresha amashanyarazi. Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'imitsi, bumwe bufite uburebure bwa kilometero 1,699 (£1,699) n'ubundi bufite uburebure bwa kilometero 1,899 (£1,899), naho ubwa mbere buri mu bunini bubiri. Uwaduhaye isuzuma yagize ati: “Amapine yagenewe koroherwa no koroherwa no kugenda, amapine ntapfumuka, kandi feri za disiki zituma gutwara ahantu hatose byoroha. Ushobora gushyiraho pedal assist ku nzego eshanu zitandukanye kugira ngo ushobore kuzigama ingufu mu gihe runaka. Bateri ikomeye ishobora gusharijwa cyangwa gukurwa kuri moto.”
Igare rikomeye ry'icyuma, ishingiro rirerire ry'amapine (intera iri hagati y'amapine abiri), imiterere yo kugendera hejuru, ibyuma bikingira amagare, n'uburyo bwo gushyiraho amapine n'amapine adafite imipaka, amagare yo gusura amagare ni ingenzi cyane ku magare y'iminsi myinshi. Imiterere y'aya magare ni iyo kuruhukira no kwihanganira imitwaro iremereye. Ntabwo yihuta kandi ntatanga urumuri, ariko azakurura wowe n'ihema ryawe mu buryo bwishimye kuva ku ruhande rumwe rw'isi ujya ku rundi nta majwi akomeye.
Ariko, ntukivange ingendo n'ingendo z'amagare. Gutemberera bikorerwa cyane cyane mu mihanda ya kaburimbo, kandi inyinshi mu gupakira no gupakurura amagare bikorerwa mu mihanda yambukiranya igihugu, kandi akenshi bikorerwa ku magare y'amabuye cyangwa amagare yo mu misozi.
Isuzuma ry'ibicuruzwa bya IndyBest ni inama zidafite aho zibogamiye kandi zigenga ushobora kwizera. Hari igihe, ukanze kuri iyi link ukagura ibicuruzwa, tuzabona inyungu, ariko ntituzigera twemera ko ibi bibangamira urwego rw'ibicuruzwa byacu. Andika isuzuma ukoresheje ibitekerezo by'abahanga n'ibizamini nyabyo.
Brompton isanzwe ni nziza cyane ku ngendo ndende, ugomba kuyishyira mu isanduku ya bisi, gari ya moshi cyangwa gari ya moshi.
Urashaka gushyira akamenyetso ku nkuru n'inkuru ukunda kugira ngo uzisome cyangwa uzirebe mu gihe kizaza? Tangira kwiyandikisha kwawe kwa Independent Premium ubu ngubu.