Isoko ry’amagare muri Amerika ryiganjemo ibigo bine binini, ibyo nita bine bya mbere: Trek, Specialized, Giant na Cannondale, ukurikije ingano yabyo. Ibi bigo byose hamwe, bigaragara mu maduka arenga kimwe cya kabiri cy’amagare muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, kandi bishobora kuba ari byo binini mu kugurisha amagare mashya mu gihugu.
Nkuko nabivuze muri iki gice mbere, ikibazo gikomeye kuri buri munyamuryango wa Quadumvirate ni ukwitandukanya n'abandi batatu. Mu byiciro by'abantu bakuru nk'amagare, iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga rigenda buhoro buhoro, bigatuma amaduka acuruza aba ari yo ntego nyamukuru yo gutandukanya. (Reba ibisobanuro birambuye: Ese iduka rifitwe n'umucuruzi ni iduka ry'amagare "nyaryo"?)
Ariko niba abacuruzi b’amagare bigenga bafite ishingiro, baba bigenga. Mu rugamba rwo kugenzura ikirango cy’ubucuruzi mu maduka, uburyo bwonyine abagurisha ibicuruzwa byabo bashobora kugenzura ibicuruzwa byabo, ibyerekanwa, n’ibicuruzwa byabo ni ugukomeza kugenzura ibidukikije by’ubucuruzi ubwabyo.
Mu myaka ya 2000, ibi byatumye habaho iterambere ry’amaduka y’ubucuruzi, ahantu ho gucururiza hihariye ikirango kimwe. Mu gihe cyo kugura ahantu ho hasi no kugenzura ibintu nk’aho bashyira ibimenyetso, ibyapa n’ibikoresho, abatanga ibicuruzwa baha abacuruzi inkunga y’amafaranga no kubona uburyo bwo kwamamaza imbere mu kigo.
Kuva hagati mu myaka ya za 2000, Trek, Specialized, na Giant zagize uruhare mu bucuruzi muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika no ku isi. Ariko kuva ahagana mu 2015, ubwo abacuruza amagare bavukaga mu gihe cy’iterambere ry’amagare no mu gihe cy’ikiruhuko cy’izabukuru, Trek yabaye igihugu gishishikajwe cyane no gutunga amagare.
Igishimishije ni uko buri munyamuryango wa Quadumvirate akurikiza ingamba zitandukanye mu bijyanye no gutunga ubucuruzi. Navuganye n'abayobozi b'abakinnyi bane bakomeye kugira ngo batange ibitekerezo byabo kandi basesengure.
“Mu bucuruzi, twizera ko kugira ahazaza heza ari ubucuruzi bwiza cyane. Tumaze igihe kinini twiyemeje gushora imari mu ntsinzi y’abacuruzi bacu, kandi ubunararibonye bwacu mu bucuruzi bwadufashije kwagura no kunoza ibyo bikorwa.”
Iri ni ijambo rya Eric Bjorling, Umuyobozi ushinzwe iyamamazabikorwa ry’ibirango n’imibanire rusange muri Trek. Kuri Trek, iduka ry’amagare rya sosiyete ni igice kimwe cy’ingamba nini yo kugera ku ntsinzi muri rusange mu bucuruzi.
Naganiriye na Roger Ray Bird, wari umuyobozi w’iduka rya Trek ricuruza ibintu bitandukanye kuva mu mpera za 2004 kugeza 2015, kuri iki kibazo.
Yarambwiye ati: “Ntitugiye kubaka umuyoboro wose w’amaduka y’ubucuruzi bw’ikigo nkuko tubikora ubu.”
Bird yakomeje agira ati: “John Burke yakomeje kuvuga ko twifuza ko abacuruzi bigenga bayobora amaduka yabo aho kuba twe kuko ari bo bashobora gukora neza kuturusha. (Ariko nyuma) yaje kwigarurira imitungo yabo yose kuko yashakaga uburambe buhoraho mu kirango, uburambe ku bakiliya, uburambe ku bicuruzwa, n'ubwoko bwose bw'ibicuruzwa biboneka ku baguzi mu maduka atandukanye.”
Umwanzuro utazibagirana ni uko Trek ubu iyobora urunigi rw'amagare runini cyane muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, niba atari rwo runigi runini mu mateka y'inganda.
Tuvuze ku maduka atandukanye, Trek ifite amaduka angahe ubu? Nabajije Eric Bjorling iki kibazo.
Yambwiye kuri imeri ati: “Ni nk'uko amakuru yacu yerekeye ubucuruzi n'imari abivuga. Nk'ikigo cyigenga, ntabwo dutangaza aya makuru ku mugaragaro.”
ni byiza cyane. Ariko nk'uko abashakashatsi ba BRAIN babivuga, Trek yatangaje ku mugaragaro ko yaguze ahantu hashya hagera kuri 54 muri Amerika ku rubuga rw'abacuruza amagare mu myaka icumi ishize. Yanatangaje ko hari imyanya ihari mu yandi maduka 40, bigatuma umubare wayo wose ugera kuri nibura amaduka 94.
Ongera ibi ku rubuga rw’ubucuruzi rwa Trek. Dukurikije amakuru ya George Data Services, igaragaza ahantu 203 handitse izina rya Trek mu iduka. Dushobora kuvuga ko umubare wose w’amaduka ya Trek afitwe n’iyi sosiyete uri hagati ya 1 na 200.
Igikomeye si umubare nyawo, ahubwo ni umwanzuro utazibagirana: Trek ubu iyobora urunigi rw'amagare runini cyane muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, niba atari rwo runigi runini mu mateka y'inganda.
Ahari kubera ko Trek iherutse kugura amaduka menshi (amasosiyete ya Goodale's (NH) na Bicycle Sports Shop (TX) yari abacuruzi b'umwihariko mbere yuko bagurwa), Jesse Porter, Umuyobozi w'Ishami rishinzwe Kugurisha no Guteza Imbere Ubucuruzi muri Specialized USA, yandikiye Specialized Distributors1. Izasohoka mu gihugu hose ku ya 15.
Niba urimo gutekereza kwimura, gushora imari, kuva mu bucuruzi cyangwa kwimura umutungo, dufite amahitamo ushobora kuba ushishikajwe nawo???? Kuva ku gutanga inkunga y'umwuga cyangwa gutunga umutungo utaziguye kugeza ku gufasha kumenya abashoramari bo mu gace cyangwa mu karere, turashaka kwemeza ko umuryango urimo gukora cyane kugira ngo utere imbere urambye. Kubona ibicuruzwa na serivisi bategereje nta nkomyi.
Nyuma yo gukurikirana binyuze kuri imeri, Porter yemeje ko hari amaduka menshi yihariye. Yambwiye ati: “Tumaze imyaka irenga 10 dufite kandi dukoresha inganda z’ubucuruzi muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, harimo n’amaduka ari muri Santa Monica na Costa Mesa. Byongeye kandi, dufite ubunararibonye muri Boulder na Santa Cruz.
â???? Turimo gushaka amasoko, kimwe muri byo ni ukugira ngo abatwara abagenzi n'amasosiyete dukorera babone serivisi idasibangana. â?????â???? Jesse Porter, umunyamwuga
Ubwo yabazwaga ku bijyanye na gahunda y’isosiyete yo kugura abandi bacuruza ibicuruzwa, Porter yagize ati: “Ubu turi mu biganiro n’abacuruzi benshi kugira ngo tuganire kuri gahunda zabo zo gusimburana. Turimo kwegereza iki gikorwa dufite umutima ufunguye, ntabwo twiyemeje kugura umubare w’amaduka twihaye.” Ikintu cy’ingenzi ni uko, “Turimo gushaka amasoko, kimwe muri byo ni ukureba ko abatwara abagenzi n’abaturage bakorera ku magare bahabwa serivisi zihoraho.”
Kubwibyo, Specialized isa nkaho irimo guteza imbere ubucuruzi bwo kugura abacuruzi mu buryo bwimbitse uko bikenewe, wenda kugira ngo irinde cyangwa yagure intera yayo mu masoko y'ingenzi.
Hanyuma, navuganye na John “JT” Thompson, umuyobozi mukuru wa Giant USA. Ubwo bamubazaga ibijyanye n’umutungo w’iduka, yavuze ukuri.
“Ntituri mu mukino wo gutunga ubucuruzi, pe!” Yambwiye mu buryo bwo guhererekanya ubutumwa kuri imeri. “Dufite amaduka yose y’ikigo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, bityo tuzi neza iki kibazo. Binyuze muri ubwo bunararibonye, ​​twamenye umunsi ku wundi ko) imikorere y’amaduka atari umwihariko wacu.
“Twasanze uburyo bwiza bwo kugera ku baguzi ari ukunyura mu bacuruzi babishoboye kandi bafite imbaraga,” Thompson yakomeje agira ati: “Nk’ingamba z’ubucuruzi, twaretse gutunga amaduka ubwo twateguraga uburyo bwo gushyigikira ubucuruzi. Ntitwemera ko amaduka afitwe n’ibigo ari bwo buryo bwiza bwo kumenyera ibidukikije byo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Urukundo n’ubumenyi bw’aho hantu ni byo ntego nyamukuru z’intsinzi y’iduka. Hindura uburambe bwiza mu gihe wubaka umubano w’igihe kirekire n’abakiriya.”
Amaherezo, Thompson yagize ati: “Ntabwo duhangana n’abacuruzi bacu mu buryo ubwo aribwo bwose. Bose bigenga. Iyi ni imyitwarire karemano y’ikirango gicungwa n’abantu bo mu rwego rw’ubucuruzi. Abacuruzi ni bo benshi muri uru rwego. Ku bantu bakora cyane, turamutse dushoboye gutuma ubuzima bwabo budakomera kandi bugatanga umusaruro, ibyo byaba ari byiza cyane mu bitekerezo byacu.”
Amaherezo, naganiriye ku kibazo cy’ubucuruzi na Nick Hage, Umuyobozi Mukuru wa Cannondale Amerika ya Ruguru n’Ubuyapani.
Cannondale yigeze kugira amaduka atatu y’ibigo; abiri i Boston n’irindi i Long Island. Hage yagize ati: “Twayatunze imyaka mike gusa, kandi twayafunze mu myaka itanu cyangwa itandatu ishize.”
Cannondale yabonye isoko mu myaka itatu ishize ubwo abakwirakwiza ibicuruzwa byinshi barekaga gahunda yo gukoresha ikirango kimwe.
Mu kiganiro nagiranye kuri videwo, yambwiye ati: “Nta gahunda dufite yo kwinjira mu bucuruzi (nanone).” “Dukomeje kwiyemeza gukorana n’abacuruzi beza bashyigikira ubucuruzi bw’ibicuruzwa byinshi, batanga serivisi nziza ku bakiliya, kandi bagafasha mu kubaka ubwikorezi bw’amagare mu baturage. Iyi iracyari ingamba zacu z’igihe kirekire.
“Abacuruzi bagiye batubwira kenshi ko badashaka guhangana n’abatanga ibicuruzwa, kandi ko badashaka ko abatanga ibicuruzwa bagenzura ubucuruzi bwabo cyane,” Hager yagize ati. “Uko abacuruza ibicuruzwa benshi bareka gahunda y’ikirango kimwe, isoko rya Cannondale ryiyongereye mu myaka itatu ishize, kandi mu mwaka ushize, abacuruzi ntibashoboye gushyira amagi yabo yose mu gitebo cy’umutanga ibicuruzwa umwe. Ibi turabibona. “Aya ni amahirwe akomeye yo gukomeza kugira uruhare runini mu bacuruza ibicuruzwa bigenga. IBD ntizashira, abacuruzi beza bazakomera gusa.”
Kuva aho iterambere ry’amagare risenyukiye mu 1977, uruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa rwabaye mu gihe cy’akajagari kurusha uko twabibonye. Ibigo bine by’ingenzi by’amagare birimo gufata ingamba enye zitandukanye ku hazaza h’ubucuruzi bw’amagare.
Mu isesengura rya nyuma, kwimukira mu maduka y’abacuruzi si byiza kandi si bibi. Uku ni ko bimeze, isoko ni ryo rizagena niba bizagenda neza.
Ariko iki ni cyo kibazo gikomeye. Kubera ko ibicuruzwa byatumijwe kugeza mu 2022, abacuruzi ntibazashobora gukoresha agatabo k'amanota kugira ngo batore mu maduka y'isosiyete, nubwo babyifuza. Muri icyo gihe, abatanga ibicuruzwa bari mu nzira yo kugura ibicuruzwa bashobora gukomeza kudahanwa, mu gihe abakoresha iyi ngamba gusa bazagorwa no kubona isoko, kuko abacuruzi bagura amafaranga ku isoko basezeranye gukorana n'abatanga ibicuruzwa basanzwe batanga. Mu yandi magambo, icyerekezo cy'amaduka afite abatanga ibicuruzwa kizakomeza gusa, kandi nta nzitizi ziturutse ku batanga ibicuruzwa (niba zihari) zizabaho mu myaka mike iri imbere.